Erosion
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- This buried car shows the depth of blast deposit on ridges close to the volcano.
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- Erosion gullies formed quickly and downcut to underlying soil. [3 months after eruption]
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- This raised concern about erosion and potential hazards to downstream communities.
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- Scientists studied the deposits and monitored erosion. [3 months after eruption]
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- Deposits were a multi-layered mix of fine ash and popcorn-sized pumice.
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- View of an erosion gully starting to form on blast deposit. [3 months after eruption]
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- Water has cut down through deposit to buried soil. [1 year after eruption]
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- Surviving plants sprout from roots in exposed pre-eruption soil. [4 years after eruption]
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- Erosion exposed buried roots allowing plants to sprout and survive. [3 months after the eruption]
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- Erosion gullies were an important mechanism of plant survival. [3 months after eruption]
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- Erosion and sediment transport was at record levels as the river cut new channels in the deposit.
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- Erosion washed pumice and ash off adjacent hillsides and into streams. [1 year after eruption]
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- As vegetation established, the rate of erosion and sediment transport decreased. [10 years after eruption]
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- Erosion of upstream deposits transported additional sediment and debris downstream.
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- The streams transport the sediments downstream.
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- Close to the volcano where deposits are deep, streams have cut down through the deposits. [29 years after eruption]
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- Stream erosion widens floodplain. [4 years after eruption]
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- Note rapid erosion of deposit surface. [3 years after eruption]
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- The valley north of the volcano has been dissected by deep gullies downcut by erosion. [29 years after eruption]
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- Rare storm and flood events triggered landslides that removed entire layers of ash and pumice. [17 years after eruption]
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- Emergency seeding for erosion control has forever alterred natural plant communities around the volcano.
